
| ilss Jli74 



.- tfyU 



PRESENTED l!Y 




W ATKINS GLEN-GLEN MOUNTAIN HOUSE. 



DESCRIPTIVE GUIDE BOOK 




ATKINS BLEN 



( LOCATED AT WATKINS— HEAD OF SENECA LAKE-SCHUYLER CO., N.Y.' 



T\OMA^TIC jSuRROUJ^DINQ£ 



Embracing Observations on its Geology, Botany, Mineralogy, 

and Ornithology, with numerous Notices fro?n the 

American Newspaper and Magazine Press. 



FOURTH EDITION, REVISED AND CORRECTED 

By J. J. LYTLE. 



Philadelphia : 

CULBEKTSON & BACHE, PRINTERS, N. E. COR. ElGHTH AND JaYNE StS. 
I8 74 . 



Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1874, by 

J. J. LYTLE & CO., 

in the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. 

Mali; .. B-ajamin, 



-TyV 



26my^ 



PREFACE 



THE WATKINS GLEN has become so widely known, and. the 
number of its yearly visitors so large, the necessity of a 
descriptive Guide-Book has been greatly felt, and the many inquiries 
that have been made for such a work have led to the preparation of 
this. 

The writer has endeavored to meet the wants of the visitor by 
giving a simple description of the scenery of this wonderful Glen, 
without attempting to embellish it as fully as its merits deserve — only 
making it a guide-book, pointing out the various objects of interest, 
in order that all may be seen and the services of a living guide 
rendered unnecessary. The distances, heights, etc., have been given 
with all the accuracy possible from the most reliable estimates; for, 
owing to the peculiar conformation of this locality, actual measure- 
ment is impracticable. They may not in all cases be perfect in 
exactness, but are generally correct. 

In the latter part of the book will be found some hints to those 
who have not had experience in exploring the Glen, concerning 
suitable dress, etc. 

Particular attention is directed to the numerous and very flattering 
notices of the Press, among which will be found extracts from Porte 
Crayon's illustrated article in Harper's Monthly for June, 1871, and 
Grace Greenwood's article in the New York Tribune, of the previous 
year. 



6 WATKINS GLEN. 

The Watkins Glen was purchased in September, 1869, by E. B. 
Parsons, of Troy, Pa., who in 1870 erected a new and beautiful 
structure for resting and refreshment purposes on the site of the 
old Glen Mountain House, about a half mile from the entrance. 
This house much resembles a Swiss chalet, such as is found among 
the mountains, lakes and glens of Switzerland. Much is doing by 
the present proprietors, J. J. Lytle & Co., to improve the property 
and develop the hidden beauties of the Glen, and many additional 
and very important improvements have been made. A new and 
commodious house has been erected on the opposite side of the 
Ravine, for the accommodation of a large number of guests, the two 
being connected by a covered footway over a ver tasteful iron 
suspension bridge. 

It is hoped this " Guide-Book," as now presented, will prove 
acceptable to visitors, and receive the approbation of the public. 



INTRODUCTION 



THE W ATKINS GLEN, in the Village of Watkins— which was 
named after its founder, Dr. Samuel Watkins, a native of Eng- 
land — was embraced throughout its entire length of more than three 
miles, in the "Watkins and Flint purchase." This tract was 
obtained of the Indians, nearly a century ago, and covered a " large 
tract of country" around the head of Seneca Lake. Dr. Watkins* 
succeeded to the title of an elder brother's estate, and thus became 
the owner of thousands of acres of land at the " Head of the Lake;" 
and within the limits of his domain reposed for many years in 
silence and solitude this, now famous and popular, Watkins Glen. 

After the death of Dr. Watkins, in the year 1851, this Glen and 
much more of his real estate fell to his widow, who subsequently 
became the wife of Geo. G. Freer, Esq., now (1874) County Judge 
and Surrogate of the County of Schuyler. After her death the Glen, 
by will and division, came into the possession of Geo. G. Freer, 
who, conjointly with a younger brother, M. D. Freer — (claiming 
title by contract from his brother, dated in 1854) — conveyed the 
property to E. B. Parsons in 1869, thus placing the Glen in a con- 
dition to be rapidly improved and developed. In the autumn of 
1871, E. B. Parsons leased the property to J. J. Lvtle, a resident 
of Philadelphia. A year later it was purchased by John J. Lytle 
& Co., who are devoting their best energies to making it one of the 
most attractive and popular Summer Resorts in the country. 



8 W ATKINS GLEN. 

Eleven years ago the idea of unsealing this mysterious ' ' Book of 
Nature " and opening its successive pages to the eyes of the " outer 
world," was conceived by M. Ells, a resident of Watkins, who de- 
serves great credit for the measures he took to carry out his plan, by 
the construction of staircases, pathways, railings, bridges, and a 
miniature Mountain House on the site of the present one, called the 
"Evergreen," and by announcing through the press of the surround- 
ing country that on and after the 4th day of July, 1863, the 
Watkins Glen would be open as a Summer Resort for visitors, and 
a claimant for a share of the favors annually bestowed upon Niagara, 
Saratoga, the White Mountains, the Catskills, the Thousand Islands, 
Mammoth Cave, &c, &c. The popular response far exceeded the 
most sanguine expectations. From 8,000 to 10,000 persons visited 
the Glen during the balance of the season ; and their number has 
continued to increase annually from that time to the present, from 
all sections of the United States and Canadas, and including many 
from the Old World. This extraordinary popularity of the Glen is 
due, not alone to the beauty, variety, magnificence and grandeur 0/ 
its scenery, but to the generous courtesy of the newspaper and 
magazine press, which have given it a world-wide notoriety, in a brief 
time, that, unaided by their efforts, would have required many years 
to accomplish ; and acknowledgements are due for their services in 
bringing before the American people one of the many charming and 
romantic Scenic Wonders for which our favored country is becoming 
justly celebrated throughout the civilized world. 



WATKINS GLEN. 

TO SENECA LAKE. 

PEBCIVAL. 

On thy fair bosom, stiver Lake, 

The wild swan spreads his snowy sail, 

And round his breast the ripples break, 
As down he bears before the gale. 

On thy fair bosom, wave less stream, 

The dipping paddle echoes far, 
And flashes in the moonlight gleam, 
And bright reflects the polar star. 

The waves along thy pebbly shore, 

As blows the north wind, heave their foam, 
And curl around the dashing oar, 

As late the boatman hies him home. 

How sweet, at set of sun, to view 
Thy golden mirror spreading wide, 

And see the mist of mantling blue 

Float round the distant mountain 's side. 

At midnight hour as shines the moon, 

A sheet of silver spreads below, 
And swift she cuts, at highest noon, 

Light clouds, like wreaths of purest snow. 

On thy fair bosom, silver lake, 
Oh / I could ever stveep the oar, 

When early birds at morning wake, 
And evening tells us toil is o'er. 




TO GUESTS OF THE 

GLEN MOUNTAIN HOUSE. 

Visitors in passing through the Glen for the first time, should 
always commence at the entrance. To do this from the Glen Mountain 
House, take Cliff Avenue, which passes along the brow of the cliff 
above Glen Alpha; follow this path as far as its junction with 
Entrance Path, then follow this path down through the woods to the 
entrance of the Glen; stopping for a few moments rest and for a 
view, at the rustic arbor on Sentinel Point. 




THE GLEN 



THERE is not to be found in this country a more strikingly 
wonderful and beautiful freak of nature than the Watkins Glen. 
Differing essentially, in all its characteristics, from any other remark- 
able locality of natural interest, it has as distinct an individuality as 
Mount Blanc, the Falls of Niagara, or the Mammoth Cave. 

The Glen is situated in Schuyler county, at the head of Seneca 
Lake, between two ranges of hills, which seem to have been torn 
asunder in the formation of this narrow valley. It consists properly 
of a number of Glens, or sections, rising one above another, and 
extending several miles in all, forming a series of rocky arcades, 
galleries and grottoes, subterranean at times, and again widening 
out into vast amphitheatres, the grandeur and magnificence of which 
cannot be fully realized by description. The course of the Glen is 
nearly east and west, and the total ascent about eight hundred feet. 
It forms the channel for a limpid stream, which follows its eccentric 
course, making the descent from section to section by a myriad of 
cascades and rapids, the beauty and variety of which is unequalled 
anywhere. 

The Glen lies south' of the village of Watkins, which is on the 
Northern Central R. R., connecting with the Pennsylvania R. R. 
at Williamsport for Philadelphia, Harrisburg, Baltimore, and all points 
south, also at Canandaigua, 47 miles north, with the New York Central 



12 W ATKINS GLEN. 

R. R. for Niagara Falls, Albany and Boston, and at Elmira, 22 miles 
south, with the Erie & Lehigh Valley R. R's for points east, west 
and south. Three regular passenger trains run each way daily. It 
is also reached by a line of daily steamers, running from Geneva to 
Watkins, touching at all points along the lake. This is by far the 
most delightful way of reaching the Glen from the north, as the 
scenery of this beautiful lake is equal to anything on the Continent. 




shores are grand and picturesque, 



Seneca Lake is one of the most 
remarkable inland bodies of wa- 
ter in the world. It is forty miles 
long, and varies from two to five 
miles in width. The water is of 
great depth and purity, in' many 
places it being impossible to 
reach the bottom by any ordin- 
ary methods of sounding. The 
consisting of a succession of hills 



W ATKINS GLEN. 13 

and promontories, sweeping back from the lake in graceful lines, 
their sides thickly wooded in some places, in others covered with 
well-tilled farms and vineyards. Beautiful villages here and there 
peer from their settings of . emerald green; the farm-houses and 
buildings have a comfortable and substantial look, that speaks well 
for the thrift, industry and taste of their owners. As we pass up 
or down the lake on a steamer, the two shores seem like moving 
panoramas ; presenting new beauties. It is a remarkable fact in 
connection with this lake, that in the coldest weather in winter it 
very rarely freezes. The steamers run the length of the lake 
uninterruptedly during the entire year ; they are of the most com- 
fortable kind, commanded by polite and efficient officers, and every 
attention is paid to the convenience and pleasure of their guests. 

It will be seen, therefore, that this locality is readily accessible 
from all directions. 

Only recently the Glen has been accessible to visitors. Its exist- 
ence was, of course, known to those living in the immediate vicinity, 
but owing to the impossibility of entering it from any point, little 
or nothing was known of its extent, or of the wealth of beauty that 
lay in its hidden recesses. Its entrance is of such a form that no 
one would imagine that the gorge extended more than a dozen rods. 
In 1863 the Glen was first brought into public notice, and staircases, 
pathways, bridges, &c, were built, so as to render it accessible. 
Since then, improvements have been going steadily forward. 

The Glen is usually traversed by visitors for about two and a half 
miles from its entrance, and extends still beyond, but its character 
is such that the ascent is necessarily performed on foot, and there is 
so much climbing to be done, that it forms as long a journey as it is 
advisable to take on a warm summer day. The scenery grows finer 
and more beautiful as we advance, until finally the culminating point 
is at the upper bridge, or Pilgrims' Rest, though many explore it for 
a mile or two beyond. 

The following detailed description of the ascent of the Glen, is 
.presented in such a manner that the visitor may find it a material 



1 4 W ATKINS GLEN. 

aid in pointing out many things which might without it escape 
unnoticed. 

THE ASCENT. 

Along the west side of Seneca Valley an almost unbroken succes- 
sion of hills rise abruptly to a towering height, lifting their heads 
far above the level plain below, upon which Watkins is built. It is 
a notch or gorge between two of these hills that forms the Glen. 
Passing up Franklin street from the Rail Road Station, a few minutes 
walk brings us to the entrance. On either side abrupt hills loom up 
like monster sentinels, and from between them a limpid little stream 
runs out, and winds quietly to the lake, across the level valley, as 
though tired from its angry and tortuous passage through the Glen, 
buffeted by rocks, and broken into a hundred cascades, it was now 
resting, idly reflecting the sunbeams, before taking its final submerg- 
ence in the cool depths of the lake. 

Turning from the road, we enter the defile between the guarding 
hills, and commence our pilgrimage. The first object that attracts 
our attention is a vast rocky 

ENTRANCE AMPHITHEATRE, 

the walls of which rise in beetling cliffs on either side. Ahead of us 
the walls almost meet, and farther passage seems barred, with the 
exception of a narrow rift in the rocks, as if they had, by some 
mighty power, been torn asunder. Through this narrow portal the 
stream issues, and we can already hear the music of falling water. 
As we try to penetrate the dark recesses with the eye, we notice a 
wall of rock extending directly across the chasm, and apparently 
ending it. Before ascending the staircase, however, we pass beneath 
it, and around the base of the overhanging rocks, where we obtain 
a fine view of one of the wildest scenes of the Glen — the 

ENTRANCE CASCADE. 

This is a narrow thread of water, shooting out from an angle in the 



W ATKINS GLEN. 15 

rocks, sixty feet above, and dashing into a dark cavernous pool 
below. At our feet slumbers the Fish Pool, broad, deep, clear, and 
irregular in form, and so named from the immense number of the 
finny tribe which sport in its pellucid waters in spring and early 
summer. We now ascend the staircase, which is strong and secure, 
and find ourselves in the entrance of what is called 

GLEN ALPHA, 

or the first section. As we are climbing the staircase, we see that 
the channel makes a sharp turn to the left, which accounts for the 
apparent obstruction. At the head of the staircase is a little bridge 
spanning the chasm, known as 

SENTRY BRIDGE. 

Here we pause a few moments to rest, and take a look down' through 
the amphitheatre we have just left, out across the smiling valley to 
the green hills beyond, and down through the jagged edges of rock 
to the deep blue basin, broken into circling ripples by the falling 
column of water. 

Here, for the first time, the delightful sensation steals over us, 
produced by the invigorating and inspiring atmosphere. The air, 
as it draws down through the Glen, is cool, fresh and bracing, and 
is laden with a thousand sweet odors, the fragrance of a thousand 
flowers. We look upward into the Glen and realize now the 
stupendous grandeur of this masterpiece of nature, and seem to 
draw inspiration from its wild magnificence. We feel new strength, 
and an eagerness to make the ascent. We seem to have forgotten 
the outer world that we have left behind us, and to be in a kind of 
fairy land, the work of some ancient race of giants. One of the 
sensations usually experienced by those who visit the Glen for the 
first time, is that of apparent danger, but this rapidly wears away, 
and we see that what appear to be dangerous places are not so in 
reality. It may be well here to say that every precaution has been 
taken to render the tour of the Glen perfectly safe. All that 



1 6 WATKINS GLEN. 

threatened danger has been removed, and every unsafe place guarded. 
Some passages that seem dangerous are only a little difficult and 
devoid of any peril. 

Looking upward from the point where we now stand, what a sight 
bursts upon us ! Towering and irregular cliffs of dark rock rise 
one above another till they appear to meet in the clouds, angular 
and sullen, and seem to forbid approach ! A little narrow thread of 
sky is all that reminds us of the world we have left, and that is 
barred and spangled by patches of bright green foliage. 

"All the air a solemn stillness holds," 

unbroken save by the singing and plashing of some distant cascade, 
or occasionally the murmuring ripple of the stream as it courses 
through its rocky channel. At numerous places in the Glen we pause, 
and wonder how it is possible to go much farther, the way appears 
so impassable, and the distance so inaccessible; but as we advance, 
the path always opens, and gives far more interest to the ascent 
than though we could clearly mark our way before us. 

Crossing Sentry Bridge, we ascend a short flight of steps on the 
south side, and before us lies a pathway cut in the solid rock, leading 
along under the overhanging cliffs, fifteen to twenty feet above the 
stream. We are now fairly in 

STILLWATER GORGE. 

As we gaze down into the pellucid depths of the water, and up at 
the facade of rock on the opposite side, new beauties strike us at 
every step. The various hues and tints of the rock, the eccentric 
combinations of curves and angles, seem as if nature had endeavored 
to see what wildly grotesque and yet beautiful images she could 
produce. 

We now catch a glimpse of the second cascade, called 

MINNEHAHA. 

It is beautiful, irregular, and yet full of grace. The water, broken 



WATKINS GLEN. 



i7 



several times in its fall, is dashed into foam and spray, which forms 
a brilliant contrast t< 
the dark, 
roundings. 

About thirty 
Minnehaha is 

fair\ 

which with 
bound leaps 

NEPTUNE 

Following 
we come to 
from which 
ing view is 




MINNEHAHA. 

both directions. The view, looking up from this point, is called 

CAVERN GORGE, 

and for wild grandeur is unsurpassed by any in the Glen. 




THE GROTTO. 



11 ATKINS GLEN. 



And here it would be wjII to advise visitors not to press on too 
eagerly in ascending the 
Glen, but to proceed 
deliberately, and fre- 
quently look back, as in 
many cases the views we 
have passed are the finest. 

Looking forward at 
the narrow gorge we are 
about entering, we see 
a staircase above us, 
and beyond that still 
another, almost perpen- 
dicular in its position, 
and of great height. 
This portion of the Glen 
is called 

THE LABYRINTH. 

The channel of the 
stream is here very nar- 
row. We cross by the 
plank bridge which is 
thrown over it, and 
ascending several steps 
cut in the rock, on the 
north side, we mount t ~ = " 
the first staircase, which again brings 
us to the south bank. 

A little farther under the shelving 
cliffs of rock, and we are at the foot of 
the Long Staircase leading to the top 
of the north cliff. Here 

we are in a strangely CAVERN CASCADE - 

wild and interesting 




2 o W ATKINS GLEN. 

place. Before going up the staircase, if we pass by it a little way, 
we find ourselves in a cavern, directly behind the sheet of water, 
almost circular in form, dark and damp, but sublimely grand. This 
is called The Grotto, and no one should fail to visit this weird 
chamber. Here the 

CAVERN CASCADE 

leaps from the rocks above, down forty or fifty feet, into the 
Stygian Pool. 

The cascade is a single column of water, not altogether unlike 
the Entrance Cascade, but much grander. The rocky walls of 
the Grotto reverberate the echoes of the falling water until the 
sound is fairly deafening, and the light of the "outer world" 
gleaming through the transparent stream in front of you, gives it 
the appearance of molten silver. Returning to the staircase, the 
downward view from the foot of which is called Whirlwind Gorge, 
we ascend fifty feet, and are glad to avail ourselves of the rustic seat 
at the top, for it is no easy pull up the long flight of steps. This is 
the head of the first section, Glen Alpha. We look back of us, and 
do not tire of the charming views presented at every angle. Look- 
ing forward, we see a portion of the second section, the peculiar 
formation of which renders it impassable. It can, however, all be 
seen from above. It contains very remarkable features, and forms a 
series of charming bird's-eye views when seen from the northern cliffs. 
This section, which we see from the head of the staircase, is called 

THE VISTA. 

The effect of this scene is very fine. After emerging from the dark 
chasm, we see before us silvery cascades, quiet pools and moss 
garnished walls, overarched by stately forest trees and thick 
shrubbery, with a broad light flooding the distance ; and far above 
is seen through the emerald foliage, like a web of gossamer, the 
beautiful Iron Bridge spanning the Glen. 

After a refreshing rest, we again start upon our journey. We 
turn sharply to the right, by a new path that leads towards the 



W ATKINS GLEN. 21 

entrance of the Glen for a considerable distance, along the verge of 




SUSPENSION BRIDGE. 

the gorge, and here the wildness of the scene is truly impressive. 
We ascend a short flight of steps, and stand at 

POINT LOOK-OFF, 

where the path runs out to the top of a high cliff, and commands a 
beautiful view of Glen Alpha below. We are forcibly impressed 
with the beauty of the foliage, which appears all the brighter as we 
emerge from the dark recesses of the Glen. It is a singular fact, 
that nowhere, perhaps, upon the American Continent, can such a 
range of vegetation be found within such narrow limits and in such 



22 W ATKINS GLEN. 

close juxtaposition. On the northern slopes, in she ltered nooks 
protected from the winds, and in a great measure from frost and 
snow, and exposed to the warm rays of the sun, the vegetation is 
almost tropical. Many plants are here found, especially among the 
lower orders, that are indigenous to Tennessee and the Carolinas. 
The fern family is largely represented, and some of the most 
beautiful species are found. Many of the varieties attain a degree of 
luxuriance that astonishes the student who is familiar with them. 
High up on the southern cliffs, exposed to the keen north winds, 
many plants are found that belong far to the north. Stunted firs, 
mosses and lichens, that are rarely found south of the Hudson's Bay 
country, are here represented. The lamented Professor Pickett, who 
was a botanist of rare merit, had long entertained a plan of preparing 
a work upon the Botany of this remarkable locality, which he had 
studied closely. This plan was terminated by his untimely death. 

Pursuing this delightful path, by a gradual ascent, we come upon 
the 

COTTAGE ON THE CLIFF, 

the old portion of the Glen Mountain House, built in the form of a 
Swiss chalet, and perched on a sort of natural shelf, ioo feet above 
the level of the stream, and 200 feet above its level in Glen Alpha, 
overlooking The Vista, and nestling among the trees and shrubbery. 
Patience and indefatigable perseverance have surmounted all difficul- 
ties. When we reflect upon the difficulty attendant upon getting the 
timber and lumber used in the construction of buildings, staircases and 
bridges, to its present position — it being impossible, until recently, 
to use horses for the purpose — and reflect that thousands of feet of the 
pathways, and many of the stairs, are cut in the solid rock, and that 
hundreds of obstructions and threatening masses of stone had to be 
removed, we then see what has been accomplished. This chalet is by 
no means an unpretending structure, and always a welcome sight to 
the tourist. Those who are not fully prepared for the farther ascent of 
the Glen, can here array themselves suitably. In many places the paths 
are quite narrow, and are 1 ordered by ferns and mosses that collect 




fiJU^' 



SWISS CHALET. 



24 



W ATKINS GLEN. 



moisture, for which long skirts are unsuited. For the convenience 
of tourists, water-proof suits have been prepared, which can be pro- 
cured at a small expense. From the promenades of this spacious 

"Cottage on the Cliff," 
and from the bridge, we 
have several fine views 
of the gorge, the winding 
stream, and cascades far 
below. 

After ample rest, we 
again start on our jour- 
ney with renewed vigor. 
A few rods above the 
Mountain House is situ- 
ated 

hope's art gallery. 

This gallery, built by 
Captain J. Hope, late of 
82 Fifth Avenue, New 
York, is beautifully 
lighted and contains a 
superb collection of 
more than one hundred 
of his . finest paintings. 
Here can be seen the 
leading scenes in Wat- 
kins Glen, and its sur- 
roundings; also scenes in New England, Virginia, California, Europe, 
&c, chief among which are, his celebrated picture of 

RAINBOW FALLS; 

also his great historical painting of the 

ARMY OF THE POTOMAC, 

and many others well known in former New York exhibitions. 




W ATKINS GLEN. 25 

Guests can spend many a pleasant hour here, and no visitor to the 
Glen should fail to see this splendid collection. There is an admis- 
sion fee of 25 cents to this gallery, as it does not belong to the Glen. 
A short distance beyond the Gallery is a convenient platform, 
erected for the use of picnic parties. 

Our way. lies through the woods, by shaded paths. This section, 
called 

SYLVAN GORGE, 

until recently inaccessible, but now open to the public by the Sylvan 
Path, is one of the wildest, most beautiful and interesting por- 
tions of the Glen. To enjoy it fully, one should ascend by one path 
and return by the other. Ascending the Glen, we take the Sylvan 
Path, turning abruptly to the left near the picnic stand, and follow 
the path winding down through the stately forest. We pause on 
Forest Cliff to enjoy the magnificent view down the Vista. From 
beneath the green sylvan arches we look down into the depths, with 
picturesque tree-clad cliffs on either hand. To the left, perched on a 
jutting crag, more than a hundred feet above the bed of the stream, 
we catch a glimpse of Hope's Art Gallery, and rustic arbor, mid 
their emerald surroundings ; while far beyond the tasteful structure 
of the iron bridge spans the chasm, and the view finally dies away 
and is lost in the shadows of Whirlwind Gorge. Turning, we pursue 
the path, pausing oft to admire the mossy slopes that crown the 
chasm, and to gaze down upon Diamond Fall, and all the wild 
surroundings of forest, rock and stream. 

After our walk through the woods, the path gradually descends 
until we are nearly on a level with the stream. Here in the rocks, 
in all directions, are found the remains of the same kind of pools 
that are now seen in the bed of the stream. A word on the forma- 
tion of these pools may not prove uninteresting to those who are not 
already familiar with them. In the early spring, when the stream is 
very high, and the ice breaking up, large quantities of rock, bowl- 
ders, gravel and sand are carried down from above, forced along by 
the tremendous power of the water, and the logs and trees which 



l6 



\V ATKINS GLEN. 




ENTRANCE TO CATHEDRAL. 



W ATKINS GLEN. 27 

are uprooted. Sometimes these bowlders lodge in a natural seam in 
the rock, or in a curve in the bed of the stream, and are there 
whirled and rolled around, until, aided by the sand and gravel that 
collects, they gradually grind out these basins or pools in the softer 
rock beneath .This process, going on for years and years, has worn 
some of them to an immense size. In many instances, at some 
succeeding flood, the bowlders have been forced from their resting 
places at the bottom of the pool and carried away; but in a greater 
number of cases, especially in the upper Glens, they are still to be 
seen in the basins they have carved. The remains of these basins 
are, in many places, to be seen now, where the channel has deepened, 
or changed and left them. 

Continuing our journey, our path leads us down toward the water 
again. We see a succession of little rapids and cascades leaping into 
Sylvan Gorge, of which this is the upper termination. These are 
called the 

SYLVAN RAPIDS, 

and very beautifully they glide and dance through their irregular 
rock channel. At the head of the Sylvan Rapids a rustic bridge 
spans the stream, from which, as we cross to the south side, we have 
a delightful bird's-eye view down through Sylvan Gorge, with its 
many windings and mysterious recesses. Below the bridge is the 
" Bath Tub," which will be readily recognized by its perfect resem- 
blance to that necessary article. 

Crossing the bridge, and proceeding a few steps, we find ourselves 
in 

GLEN CATHEDRAL, 

which is the third section. Here we obtain the best general view 
of this masterpiece of Nature's handiwork. Here all description 
fails. Mere words are inadequate to paint a picture that would do 
this subject justice, or convey to the mind an idea of its grandeur.. 
It is true the principal characteristics can be described and measure- 
ments given, but what pen can tell the inspiring sensations that 
crowd upon us as we stand in this mighty presence chamber ? We 



28 



WATKINS GLEN. 




THE CATHEDRAL. 



WATKINS GLEN. 29 

are seized with a reverential awe, and feel an almost irresistible 
desire to uncover and bow our heads, as if we were, indeed, in the 
great tabernacle of the Supreme Architect of the Universe, reared 
with his own hands. The Cathedral is an immense oblong amphi- 
theatre, nearly a quarter of a mile in length. The Glen is here 
wider than at any other point ; the rocky walls tower to a great 
height — nearly three hundred feet — and are richly tapestried with 
mosses and clinging vines, and crowned with lofty pines and other 
evergreen trees. The floor is composed of a smooth and even sur- 
face of rock ; the vaulted arch of the sky forms the dome. In the 
upper end the 

CENTRAL CASCADE 

forms the Choir, and, as it dashes from rock to rock, sings continual 
hymns of praise to the Infinite Power that created this mighty tem- 
ple. Alluding to the peculiar feelings inspired by this stupendous 
work of nature, a friend who once visited it, said: "I have often 
reflected upon the insignificance of man, but never so fully realized 
what a mere atom I was in this incomprehensible universe, as when 
standing in this vast Cathedral and looking up at its towering walls." 
Such, indeed, is the sensation produced. 

Recrossing the stream, we take the path along the north bank, in 
the shade of immensely tall forest trees ; pausing midway for another 
look at the amber waters, that spread over the level floor, and at 
Eagle Cliff that rears its stately head above its fellows. 

Situated near the upper end of the Cathedral, is a large and beau- 
tiful pool, called the 

BAPTISMAL FONT. 

This is one of the most remarkable of these natural basins, singular 
for its regularity and the surpassing beauty of its form. We are 
here struck, more than ever before, by the wonderful clearness and 
purity of the water. As the sun strikes into it, it sparkles until 
it is fairly radiant. In pools where the water is ten or fifteen feet 
deep, the smallest objects upon the bottom are clearly discernible. 



3o W ATKINS GLEN. 

Its refracting and distorting powers are also very great. We now 
ascend the 

GRAND STAIRCASE, 

by which we are to ascend into the fourth section. This staircase 
is in two sections, and is seventy feet in height. Passing along the 
path on the cliff a few rods, we come to a short flight of stairs leading 
down to Cliff Platform, descending which, we obtain one of the 
finest views of the Central Cascade at our feet. This fall, of about 
60 feet, is very beautiful, angular and irregular, yet symmetrical ; 
while far above, projecting through the trees, is seen Pulpit Rock. 
Re-ascending the staircase we find ourselves in the 

GLEN OF THE POOLS, 

so named from the number of rock basins it contains. Pursuing 
the path on the north bank a short distance to a point directly over 
Central Cascade, or a few feet beyond, and looking back down 
through Glen Cathedral, we have the 

poet's dream, 

a truly magnificent scene. We come now to another rustic bridge, 
below which is the Mermaids' Pool, and looking up from which we 
have, what has been appropriately termed, the 

MATCHLESS SCENE. 

This view seems to combine within itself all the manifold beauties of 
the Glen. It is indescribable. Broken and angular in its formation, 
rock and water, cascades and deep pools, winding channels and 
seething rapids, foliage and sky, all combined in a chaotic inter- 
mingling, yet forming a harmonious and picturesque whole. As we 
follow the pathway cut in the rock we are never tired of admiring 
the manifold beauties of the water. The sunlight shimmering down 
through the foliage strikes into the pools, waking their crystal 
depths into life ; new phases of magical beauty striking us at every 
step, like the ever varying changes in a kaleidoscope. 



W ATKINS GLEN. 31 

We pause here to rest and refresh ourselves. This is indeed an 
Elysium. All is hushed, 

"As though the whole bright summer scene were set 
To the unuttered melody of Rest ! " 

In such a place as this, it seems as if we could dream our life away. 
Leaving this point we follow the path on the south bank, through 
this section of the Glen, employing our time in examining the curi- 
ous structure of the pools, one of which especially will be noticed, 
called the Horse Shoe Cascade. 

We now come to a little staircase on the south bank, whereby we 
are to ascend to a more elevated path ; but before we do so, we pass 
by it and a little farther up the Glen, and obtain a fine view of the 

TRIPLE CASCADE AND RAINBOW FALLS. 

The Triple Cascade is deemed by many to be the finest in the Glen. 
As its name indicates, it is composed of three portions, one above 
another, each different in form from the others, and forming a beau- 
tiful combination. Just below the Triple Cascade, on the south side, 
a little brook leaps over the brow of the high cliff, down into the 
Glen, trickling over the irregular surface of the rock, until it reaches 
a point twelve or fifteen feet above the pathway, here it falls over a 
projecting shelf, the edge of which is curved outward in a crescent 
form. The water does not descend in a smooth sheet, but in a 
myriad of tiny threads and drops, forming a sparkling crystal veil 
behind which the pathway passes. This novel cascade is known as 
Rainbow Falls. Beyond and above the Triple Cascade, spanning a 
narrow pass in the gorge, we see the Platform Staircase, while far 
above our heads, on the north bank, Castle Cliff is seen through the 
trees. This section of the Glen of the Pools is called the Giant's 
Gorge. We return to the little staircase before mentioned, and 
ascend to the elevated pathway, and follow it, taking in new views 
of the Triple Cascade at every step. 
Finally, we come to the 



32 W ATKINS GLEN. 

RAINBOW FALL, 

and pass behind it. The space between the fall and the cliff is nar- 
row, but yet sufficiently wide to allow free passage. While standing 
behind the fall and looking out through the misty curtain, the effect 
is beautiful beyond comparison. The novelty of the position, and 
the peculiar brilliancy that the radiant drops of falling water impart 
to all viewed through them, fill us with wonder. In the afternoon, 
when fair weather prevails, and the rays of the sun fall into the gorge 
from the west, the enraptured visitor, in looking through the veil, 
beholds two most beautiful rainbows, a primary and secondary; a 
sight, once enjoyed, that can never be forgotten. Pausing a few 
moments to take a backward look at the beautiful Glen of the Pools, 
and the Matchless Scene, we pass the Triple Cascade, and under 
overhanging rocks, come to a staircase leading us up to an inclined 
platform thrown across to the north bank, and from this platform 
another staircase rises to the south cliff. This structure is the 

PLATFORM STAIRCASE. 

Here are seats, which we find very welcome after our climb, and 
enjoy our fine situation. Here we obtain another fine retrospective 
view of the Glen of the Pools with its ragged gorges, and also a 
more defined view of the Rainbow Fall, showing its course before it 
takes its final leap, while below us lies Diana's Bath, a clear pool, 
nearly thirty feet deep. We are now to pass through 

SHADOW GORGE. 

In this section of the Glen some of the most severe labor had to 
be performed, and its final accomplishment was the highest compli- 
ment to the engineering skill of those who had it in charge. 

We leave the platform, ascend the second section of the Staircase, 
and follow the path along the south cliff. The path is narrow and 
cut in the solid rocky face of the cliff. It winds in and out, following 
the curves of the gorge, and is high above the water. We now see 
how appropriately this has been named the Shadow Gorge. The 



; 



: : 









m 



tmm 



RAINBOW FALL. 



34 WATKINS GLEN. 

trees on the cliffs above are very high, and in many places almost 
meet overhead; as the light strikes down through them their shadows 
are cast upon the cliffs, and their forms reproduced in the pools 
below, until a combination oF beautiful lights and shadows is pro- 
duced, that surpasses all description. Here the stream seems to be 
a succession of basins connected by rapids and little falls. Ahead 
of us is another rustic bridge spanning the stream, and a little be- 
yond it is the Emerald Pool, one of the most beautiful of the basins; 
it is very regular in form, the bottom covered with gravel, and the 
water of great purity and brilliance. While upon the bridge we 
pause for another look down the Shadow Gorge, with its ever vary- 
ing studies of light and shade. Looking up the Glen, our journey 
seems about to come to a sudden termination, shut off by a wall as 
regular as if composed of solid masonry. 

Crossing the bridge and following the pathway, we see on approach- 
ing nearer, that the Glen makes a sudden turn to the right, around 
this Frowning Cliff that appeared to obstruct our farther progress. 
At this place the seams in the rock intersect each other at right 
angles, giving to the whole the effect of masonry. The corner 
formed by this cliff on the south side, also conveys the idea of the 
work of human hands. The mosses and ferns are here very fine, 
and in fact, this cliff is by far the finest rock in the Glen, and is 
named the Pillar of Beauty. Directly at the foot of this cliff is a 
large and very deep pool. The water is from twelve to fifteen feet 
deep, and as clear as crystal. It passes under the sharp angle of the 
cliff, and mirrors in its pellucid depths an inverted picture of the 
frowning rocks and graceful foliage above. These cliffs mark the 
entrance to section 5, which is called 

GLEN ARCADIA, 

and it well deserves the name, for a more perfect Elysium cannot be 
imagined. The scene before us has been called 

THE ARTIST'S DREAM. 

Here all the beauties of the other Glens, silver cascades and crystal 



WATKINS GLEN. 



35 




ARTIST'S DREA 



36 WATKINS GLEN. 

pools, light and shadow, sharp angles and graceful curves, foliage, 
sky and rock, mingle and produce a picture that more resembles an 
ecstatic dream than anything that can elsewhere be found. The 
rocks do not here tower to such immense height, nor is the scenery 
so sublime as in some of the glens through which we have passed, 
but what is lost in grandeur, is atoned for in the wild beauty of the 
scene. 

Our path now lies along the north cliff, on a rocky shelf some 
distance above the stream. The water trickling from above, and 
running down over the rocks, makes our pathway damp at some 
places, but not slippery. The gorge below us is known as the 

NARROW PASS, 

and is full of interest. The walls tower high on either side, and 
approach near together. After rounding another sharp curve, we 
are once more obliged to cross the stream by means of a bridge. 
Having gained the pathway, we proceed along the south side, through 
the Narrow Pass, under shelving rocks that extend far out over our 
heads. Passing around an angle, we come in sight of 

PLUTO FALLS. 

Into this pass the rays of the sun never shine. It appears like a 
subterranean gallery. The air is damp and cold, and the dashing 
and rumbling of the Pluto Fall, as it echoes through the pass, adds 
to the gloomy sublimity of the spot. As we draw nearer to the 
Fall, our path ascends a short rock staircase, and we obtain a fine 
view of it. It is one of singular beauty, and essentially different 
in form from any we have yet seen. It falls into a dark basin 
below, which is very deep, and runs for about thirty feet out under 
the bed of the stream, and might appropriately be called the 

CAVERN POOL. 

We climb the pathway that leads around the Fall, and stop to 
take a farewell look at the Narrow Pass, or, as it is called when 
viewed from this point, the Spiral Gorge. 

Our pathway now lies along the south side to the head of Glen 



WATKINS GLEN. 



37 




THE NARROW PASS. 



38 WATKINS GLEN. 

Arcadia, and the way is clear, though "wondrous crooked," before 
us. As we pass through, we are lost in admiration of the manifold 
beauties that are here crowded together. The rapids are the most 
beautiful in all the Glen. The channel is tortuous, and as in the 
Glen of Pools, consists of a succession of curiously carved basins 
connected by narrow rapids and cascades. The largest of these 
basins is called the 

POOL OF THE NYMPHS. 

Passing under shelving rocks, we finally arrive at the head of the 
section, formed by the Arcadian Fall. This is a beautiful cascade, 
falling into a kind of natural grotto. At the foot of the Fall is a 
beautiful basin, and many features of interest. Near the head of 
this section a staircase leads us up the north cliff, and a few rods of 
pathway bring us to another rustic bridge, thrown across the chasm 
direct above or over Arcadian Fall, for the purpose of giving visitors 
a fine back view of Glen Arcadia, which, viewed frcm this romantic 
spot, is called 

ELFIN GORGE, 

and is a scene of rare and enchanting beauty. This bridge is the 
dividing line between sections 5 and 6 — the latter of which is known 
as 

GLEN FACILITY, 

because of the comparative ease with which it may be explored, 
except in times of high water. Very few people go far above this 
spot, but set down to rest after their weary ascent, for we have 
passed through two miles of hard climbing, and are eight hundred 
feet above our starting point, satisfied with an endless change and 
variety of scenery. Those who wish to move onward, will encoun- 
ter no serious difficulties, and reach the head of Glen Facility, after 
passing many a combination that would delight a painter's eye, and 
enter the seventh section, 



WATKINS GLEN. 39 

GLEN HORICON, 

nearly three fourths of a mile above Elfin Gorge. This section con- 
sists of a large basin, or amphitheatre, containing some 12 to 15 
acres, with steep and lofty wooded banks, several hundred feet high, 
broken into curves and promontories, the lower level of which is a 
barren " pathway of the floods," and the whole a picture of com- 
mingled grandeur, solitude and desolation, terminating in a winding, 
rocky gorge, which, followed half a mile, or a little less, opens into 
section eighth, called 

GLEN ELYSIUM, 

because of its natural beauties of water, lawn and grove, and its 
susceptibility of being made one of the most attractive and delight- 
ful pleasure grounds imaginable. It is a vast area, nearly a half mile 
long, and one-fourth of a mile wide, containing within its lofty, 
sloping banks, not less than fifty acres, filled with cosy, rural retreats, 
carpeted with grasses and mosses, overlooked by giant trees, graced 
and adorned with a wondrous variety of foliage. The northern rim 
of this great basin, excavated by the floods of thousands of years, is 
not less than 400 feet high, and its towering hemlocks and pines, 
with the other extraordinary features of the scene, make it one of 
the most impressive and sublime in the whole panorama of the Glen. 
At the head of Glen Elysium, we come to Omega Fall — the last — 
and beyond this Fall, which is one of the most complicated and beau- 
tiful in the series, stretches westward section nine, known as 

GLEN OMEGA, 

for half a mile or more, till it opens out in the " hill country" like 
a great fan ; and the Glen comes to an end at least four miles, as the 
stream flows, from its beginning at the entrance of the first section. 
After a quiet rest (at the Arcadian Fall, or above them as may 
be), we start on our return. We take it leisurely, and stop fre- 
quently to admire the numberless beauties that escaped us on our 



4 o 



W ATKINS GLEN. 



ascent. And, we may here say, that the Glen is so extensive and 
complicated, that one may make many visits, and yet, each time find 
new features that he had not hitherto seen. Sometimes a difference 
of a few feet in a position will materially alter the outline of the pic- 
ture. It is not unfrequently the case that the visitor more fully 
realizes and appreciates the extent, sublimity and grandeur of the 
Glen, after he has once or twice accomplished its ascent. We 
wend our way back, from whatever point we may have reached in 
the upper sections, to Arcadian Fall, through Glen Arcadia, down 
the Platform Staircase and through the Glen of the Pools to the 
Grand Staircase. Here we stop a few minutes to look with wonder, 
down into the grand old Cathedral, and finally, after descending the 
staircase, passing through the Cathedral, and retracing the winding 
path through the woods, we find ourselves again at the Swiss 




Chalet. It is a • most welcome spot, and its refreshments are very 
acceptable. Here can be obtained the best selection of Stereoscopic 
Views of Watkins and Havana Glens, by eminent artists. Full sets, 
or any number in a set, can be procured. All of these views of 
Watkins Glen are faithful copies of the most striking points of in- 
terest, and enable the tourist, on returning home, to keep in vivid 



WATKINS GLEN. z 



remembrance the many pleasant associations connected with his visit 
In the Glen Mountain House Bazaar also, which, with its comfort- 
able lounges, is a delightful resting place, visitors can find many a 
little souvenir to take with them to the eager expecting ones at home, 
and we advise all to avail themselves of the opportunity of securing 
some memento of Watkins Glen. Crossing the Iron Suspension 
Bridge, we come to the new South Glen Mountain House, a large and 
commodious building, fitted up in a manner to ensure the comfort of 
guests, whether it be for a day, a week or a month. On the north 
or Glen side of this house, visitors will notice a staircase leading do*n 
to the Glen ; this has but recently been opened, and it will well repay a 
visit. As we walk along the path, with the high rocks jutting far 
over our heads, and under the Suspension Bridge 100 feet above us 
we are struck with wonder at the grandeur of the scene. After 
loitering here awhile, we retrace our steps, and are once more at 
the Swiss Chalet, ready to resume our homeward journey, but not 
by the path we came; another path is recommended as promising 
fresh beauties. 



42 W ATKINS GLEN. 



SURROUNDINGS. 



T EAVTNG tfhe Swiss Cottage, instead of following the path that 
j~^ leads to the Long Staircase, we take one that bears to the left, 
along the slope of the hill, called Cliff Avenue, or one bearing to the 
north, directly behind the Swiss Cottage, called Lake View Avenue. 
These paths lead us through beautiful groves, and afford us occa- 
sional glimpses down into the dizzy depths of Glen Alpha. The 
roar of the cascades, and cool vapors arising from them, reach us 
even at this height. 

As we leave the woods by either path, we come out into Glenwood, 
one of the most beautiful of cemeteries. By taking Monumental 
Avenue, instead of " Lake View," visitors pass the beautiful Magee 
Monument Grounds on their way through the cemetery. Instead of 
following the road that leads down into the village, we choose a path 
that enables us to climb still further up the summit of 

TABLE MOUNTAIN, 

as it is called. We sit down to rest beneath the stunted evergreens 
that grow upon the brow of the mountain, at the little " Observa- 
tory Building," and gaze with mingled delight and amazement at the 
scene before us. The valley, for miles, lies spread out, like a map 
at our feet, forming a perfect picture, not lacking in any particular 



WATKINS GLEN. 



43 



It is certainly one of the most magnificent and soul-entrancing scenes 
that we ever beheld, and leaves a lasting impression on every be- 
holder. Directly below us lies the village of Watkins with its shaded 
avenues, its beautiful churches, public buildings, etc. At the wharf 
lie several steamers and a variety of small craft, for Seneca Lake 
has quite an extensive and increasing commerce. The houses have 
a substantial and comfortable air, and are surrounded by beautiful 
grounds, ornamented with fine trees and shrubbery. To the north 
the lake stretches away as far as the eye can reach, with the sky and 
clouds mirrored upon its bright blue surface. The hills sweep back 
from the lake in graceful undulations, the picturesque little hamlets 
and villages clinging to their sides, and nestling in the valleys. Back 
from the lake, miles of well-tilled farms meet our view, and on the 
rising slopes many flourishing vineyards are making their appearance. 

Following the track of the Northern Central Railway with the 
eye, along the southern and western shores of the lake, we see 
immense coal wharves. Here the coal that is brought down from 
the Pennsylvania mines by rail, is transferred to barges and con- 
veyed by water. Great trains of these coal cars may be seen at 
almost every hour of the day, each freighted with its precious cargo 
of fuel. In transferring the coal from cars to boats, the train is run 
out upon the inclined platform that we see extending out into the 
lake, elevated sufficiently to allow the boats to pass under. The 
coal is then dropped through from the cars into " pockets," and 
then into the boats. 

Above Watkins, the valley looks as smooth and level as a floor, 
while on either side the range of hills rise abruptly from the plain, 
towering one above the other, far to the south, growing wider and 
more rugged, until a farther view is finally shut out by " Buck 
Mountain," which seems to stand at the head of the valley. About 
three miles above Watkins lies the village of Havana, which was 
for some years the county seat of Schuyler county, but recently 
Watkins was made the county seat. The immense brick building 
which we see in Havana, looming up above all the others, is the one 
formerly intended to be used by the People's College, but upon the 



44 WATKINS GLEN. 

failure of that institution, it was closed, but is now open under the 
charge of the Baptist denomination. 

We regret very much to leave our elevated position on Table 
Mountain, and descend to the lower world, but after a refreshing 
rest from our wearisome rambles, and reviewing the truly splendid 
panoramic scene below us, and gaining new strength from the pure 
breezes that sweep the lake, we start down towards the village, or 
Mountain House, stopping only to admire the beautiful situation of 
the " City of the Dead," through which we pass. 

To the lover of the sublime no grander picture can be imagined 
than to stand upon Table Mountain and watch a storm coming up 
the lake. The clouds rolling along over the hill-tops, the veils of 
mist gradually shutting out our view of the distance, the lake lashed 
into foam by the wind, and the shadows flying over the landscape, 
produce an effect the grandeur of which cannot be realized until it 
has been witnessed. 

If the visitor has time, there are a number of delightful drives in 
the neighborhood of Watkins that offer tempting inducements. 
One, especially, we cannot refrain from mentioning. It is the road 
leading from Watkins to Havana, and still further up the valley. 
It lies along the level plain on the west side of the valley, under pre- 
cipitous hills and frowning cliffs on the one side, and the beautiful 
plain, with its border of hills, on the other. The road is hard and 
smooth, and margined with trees and shrubbery. At one point, 
near Havana, a little brook falls over the edge of the cliff, called 
Aunt Sarah's Fall (after an old Indian woman who formerly lived 
there), making a very fine cascade. There is a little niche in the 
face of the rock, near the verge of the fall, in which, an ancient 
legend says, great treasures were hidden. This whole district, lying 
around the lake, was once the hunting ground of the Senecas. In 
accordance with the manifest destiny of the race to which they 
belonged, they have all passed away, leaving naught behind them 
save their mouldering bones (many of which, with their rude 
implements of war, clubs, tomahawks, scalping-knives, beads, 
ancient French coins, Jesuistical crosses, little brass camp-kettles, 



WATKINS GLEN. 45 

arrow-heads, &c, are annually exhumed on both sides of the Glen 
creek, a "short distance east of the entrance to the amphitheatre), 
and their strange and poetic legends, preserved and handed down 
to the present. Almost every spot has some historical interest, and 
with very many of the localities are associated some of those wild 
imaginative tales of the wars, loves or wrongs of that race which is 
fast becoming extinct. =a ^^^^^^ m 

These legends clothe HJj Rfa 

their scenes with a deep 
interest. We can al- 
most imagine the dusky 
heroes bending "at 
midnight, from the 
solemn West," return- 
ing to the hunting, 
ground of their fathers, 
and once more peopling 
these charmed shores. 
To all who can possi- 
bly find time, we would 
say, do not fail to make 
a trip on Seneca Lake, 
from Watkins to Gen- 
eva ! It will richly repay 
any one. The after- 
noon trip is usually the 
pleasantest. The steam- 
ers leave Watkins and 
Geneva daily, passing hector falls. 

over the lake threeTtimes, and enabling passengers to leave both 
places morning, noon and evening. Their Captains spare no pains to 
render their guests comfortable, and the voyage a pleasant one. 

We^ have already spoken of the charming scenery of the lake. 
Glen Excelsior, where the water falls 186 feet, lies nearly east of the 
head_of the v lake, possessing some features of interest; and still 




46 WATKINS GLEN. 

another Glen, at Peach Orchard Point, twelve miles below Watkins, 
on the east side of the lake. At Rock Stream and Big Stream on 
the west shore, cascades leap from the Glens above, into the water. 
The gorges are spanned by two high bridges, over which pass the 
Northern Central Railroad trains. We have also a fine view of 
Hector Falls, now owned by Gen. G. J. Magee, of Watkins, on the 
eastern shore. The steamers make a number of landings on both 
shores of the lake. North Hector Landing, on the east shore, 
about twelve miles north of Watkins, is a most beautiful spot. 
A broad, gravelly road sweeps along the beach, shaded by a 
row of drooping willows, which, reflected in the lake, produce a 
beautiful effect. The approach to Geneva is very beautiful. The 
stately mansions and college buildings situated on the hill, com- 
mand a grand view of the lake, and look beautiful from the water. 
We would also advise visitors to make a trip to the Havana Glen,, 
three miles distant, located in the eastern part of that village, as it 
possesses many curious and remarkable attractions, which, to be 
appreciated and enjoyed, need only to be seen. 

HAMMONDSPORT GLEN, 

at the head of Lake Keuka, is reached by steamboat over Seneca 
Lake to Dresden, and thence 7 miles to Penn Yan by stage, or by 
Northern Central Railroad 23 miles to Penn Yan, and thence 22 
miles over the lake, which is one of the most beautiful and attractive 
in Central New York. Hammondsport is in the center of the grape 
growing region, and the celebrated Urbana Wine Cellars can be 
visited, and the round trip made in a single day. It is well worth a 
visit. 

Having finished our description of the Glen and its surroundings, 
we will now give a few general hints to those who propose to visit 
the Glen, and have not yet learned from experience what is necessary 
to enable them to perform the journey with comfort and pleasure. 



WAT KINS GLEN. 47 



HINTS TO VISITORS. 



\K GREAT many visitors meet with inconvenience and disappoint- 
j ment by not knowing the kind of dress proper to be worn while 
going through the Glen. It will be seen that the water-proof suits 
heretofore mentioned, which can be obtained at the Swiss Cottage, 
will be a great convenience. It is frequently necessary to use the 
hands in climbing the stairways and paths, and consequently it is 
inconvenient to have a long dress to manage. The less there is 
about the costume to encumber the free use of the feet and arms, 
the better; long cloaks, shawls, parasols, etc., are inconvenient and 
superfluous, and should be left at the Swiss Cottage. 

The dress should be of woolen material, for even in mid-summer 
the Glen is cool, and in many places quite damp. Any hat will do, 
but one that will not be injured by an occasional drop of water is 
the best. Thick shoes or boots are much safer for walking on the 
moist paths and stairways than rubbers. In the case of gentlemen, 
it matters less about suitable dress. Silk hats and fine boots are the 
only articles liable to suffer much from the trip. A stout cane, which 
can be obtained either at the entrance to the Glen or at the Swiss 
Cottage, will be found a valuable assistance in climbing. 

In passing through the Glen, it is not well to wander a great way 
from the regular paths, as many, anxious to explore new localities,. 



4 8 WATKINS GLEN. 

or obtain a view from some difficult point, might be in danger before 
they were aware of it. And here, a word of caution. Visitors will 
observe placards at several places, warning them not to throw stones 
into the Glen. Many do this to hear the noise made by the stones, 
crashing down through the trees and over the rocks. The reasons 
why it should not be allowed are obvious. We would also like to 
say a word with regard to those who are ambitious to immortalize 
themselves by carving their names and the dates of their visitation 
upon the face of the rocks, staircases, bridges, trees, etc. It is un- 
questionably a laudable desire to leave some monument behind us in 
this life, but a serious thought upon the subject will convince any 
reasonable person, that it is not worth while to mar the beauty and 
seriously deface the scenery of such pleasant localities by thus exe- 
cuting the said laudable desire, and it is expressly forbidden by the 
proprietors. Those who wish to record their visit will find a register 
provided for the purpose on the verandah of the Swiss Cottage. 

Pic-nic parties should also be particularly careful not to strew 
papers, egg-shells, and the remains of their repasts in conspicuous 
places along the pathways, in the Glen, or where they will mar the 
beauties of the scenery. 

The proper time for visiting the Glen is from the first of June to 
the first of November. The finest views are to be obtained when the 
water is moderately high, after the spring freshets, or after heavy 
rains. However, the water is never low enough to materially injure 
the beauties of the cascades and rapids. In winter, when the cascades 
become solid glaciers, and when icicles or icebergs many tons in 
weight, are pendant from the cliffs, the views are gorgeous beyond 
all description. The ascent is then exceedingly difficult and perilous; 
few have ever attempted it. It is almost as difficult as climbing the 
Alps or exploring the Arctic regions. It has, however, been success- 
fully accomplished, and by the aid of a photographic camera, a 
series of grand winter views obtained that will give one a distinct 
idea of the Glen while bound in the fetters of the ice-king. A 
perfect series of the summer views in the Glen has also been made, 
presenting a complete panorama of the entire length, and skillfully 



WATKINS GLEN. 49 

arranged for the stereoscope, for albums, or for framing. Complete 
sets of them will be found at the Swiss Cottage. 

We would advise visitors going through the Glen to take advantage 
of all the rustic seats and every convenient place for rest. The 
scenery fills the visitors with wonder, and causes so much eagerness 
to press on to the end, the air is so invigorating, and the journey 
affords so much pleasure that they are apt to entirely forget bodily 
fatigue, and find upon coming out into the world again, a kind of 
reaction, and that they are very much fatigued. 

Do not let the cautions we have suggested, or the advice we have 
given, discourage any from the ascent; for, it is easy, free from 
danger, and will richly reward all who accomplish it. What we 
have said has only been to aid those who have not yet visited it. 

Before concluding we will give a table of the distances from 
Watkins to various points. This may be of value to those living at 
a distance, who wish to visit the Glen : 

DISTANCES FROM WATKINS TO 

Miles. 
Canandaigua, 47 

Geneva, via Seneca Lake, , 

Syracuse, by rail, I22 

Rochester, 7 6 

Buffalo, via N. Y C. R. R. 



Erie R. R. ... 

Niagara Falls, . . . x 



J 45 
81 

Elmira, 22 

New York, via N. Y. C. R. R. 4I4 

" " Erie R. R. - - - - . . 2 g 6 

Williamsport, - m IOO 

Philadelphia, via Harrisburg, - .... 2 g g 

Baltimore, - 278 



50 W ATKINS GLEN. 



Extract from Porte Crayon's Illustrated Article in Harper's 
Monthly for June, 1 8 7 1 . 



W ATKINS GLEN, 



SN ROUTE the professor lectured on the botany of the Glen, 
declaring that, except in an artificial conservatory, he had never 
seen so great a variety in one locality. Many of the plants found 
here are exotic in this region outside; and the growth embraces a 
climatic range from Labrador to the Carolinas. 

But as we crossed a narrow foot-bridge all eyes were lifted upward, 
while the handfuls of innocent fresh-gathered flowers were cast care- 
lessly into the rushing current of forgetfulness. We stood at the 
entrance of the Cathedral ; and from the consideration of microsmic 
infinity, our minds were suddenly turned to a scene of infinite 
grandeur. 

This is, by common consent, the most striking view in the Glen ; 
and it is certainly very impressive and emotional, with its towering 
cliffs, its broad flag-stone flooring, its transparent, glassy pools, 
reflecting the blue heavens and the overhanging sunlit trees ; its flash- 
ing water-fall, like a high altar, adorning its upper extremity ; its 
shelving strata, supported by gigantic caryatides, weird mimicry of 
the sculptor's art. 

But why waste words? The artist has already pointed his crayons, 
selected his point of view, and assumed the task of description. 

He says the view is grand, open, charming ; but not so astounding 
and impressive nor so picturesque as some others. But this is not 
the age for new dogmas, even in matters of taste ; and we magnan- 
imously invite each visitor to see for himself, and enjoy his own 
opinions. 



W ATKINS GLEN. 



■5 1 



This picture finished, we move on, crossing more streams and 
climbing more stair-ways. From this bridge, just at the head of 
the Cathedral Fall, we may pause and look back and have one of 
the most characteristic views of water-carved rocks and boiling waters 
in the Glen. 

Now forward, and up a few shelving steps in the rock, and we have 
before us the scene which, in our opinion, climaxes all the beauties 
and sublimities of the Glen. 

The main stream descends in a perspective of sparkling cascades, 
uniting a succession of circular pools in deep stone basins or wells, 
grooved and polished like finely wrought marble. On either side the 
cliffs rise to a towering height, showing rocky entablatures, with 
architrave, frieze, and cornice, as clean cut and well proportioned as 
those of a Grecian temple. Over these come pouring adventurous 
streamlets from the upper world, like a shower of light aqueous 
meteors darting downward into the gloom. 

At every turn there is material for a wonderful picture, and when 
our time is limited it is difficult to make a selection. Still forward, 
as we wind around a shelving path that gives a dry passage under the 
water-fall on the left. Beyond there is still a mile or more to be 
explored, full of curious and pretty things ; but we have climbed so 
many ladders, steps, and stair-ways that we must be approaching the 
level of the upper world ; indeed, the diminished height of the cliffs 
indicates this sufficiently. 



Extract from Grace Greenwood' 's Article in the New York 
Tribune, 1870. 

I am not going to attempt a minute description of this really 
wonderful natural curiosity, suddenly become so famous. Scores of 
tourists are doing it. Porte Crayon has made it his own. And 



52 WATKINS GLEN. 

after all, it is indescribable, " unpaintable." The word " Glen " 
gives but a faint idea of the gorge. It is a marvelous rift in the 
mountain, which it seems must have been made by some stupendous 
earthquake-shock. The Glen, with its dashing, flashing, cascading 
stream, reminds me of several famous gorges and water-falls. It 
suggests Vaucluse in the pellucid clearness and sparkle of the water. 
But, instead of the dreary, blasted heights above Petrarch's " Foun- 
tain," we have variegated, mossy, ferny rocks, the most lush and 
lovely foliage, and wild flowers in profusion. It faintly suggests the 
somber, magnificent Pass of the Finstermunz, in the Tyrol, but is 
infinitely brighter and more varied. It suggests Trenton Falls, but 
is wilder and deeper. Most of all it suggests Bash-bish, in old Berk- 
shire — is, indeed, very like it, but is yet more picturesque and peril- 
ous. It is not properly a glen, but a prodigious succession, a full 
assortment and variety of glens. If one does not satisfy you, another 
must ; though you be the most rapacious devourer of the sublime 
and beautiful, "here's richness" for you. Through the boldest 
Yankee enterprise, these wild grandeurs and beauties, for centuries 
barred and buried from the world, have been thrown open to our 
gaze, and it is no wonder that the tides of travel are setting toward 
it, from all directions, that hundreds daily climb its dizzy stair-ways, 
pick their way along its narrow ledges, dodge under its little side 
cascades, watch for rainbows beside its water falls, gaze down into its 
profound mysterious pools, and speculate in its wonderful formation. 
We go leagues out of our way, in foreign travel, to see things far 
less worth seeing, like Tivoli and Velino, Lodore, Glencoe, the Kil- 
larney cascades, the Vale of Avoca, the Dargle, and the Devil's Glen 
of Wicklow. The "Pools" are a great curiosity in themselves. 
They are smooth, round, regular excavations, gigantic bowls, and 
are always brimming with crystal clear water. So near to these 
pools does the narrow path lead in some places, that a single false 
step would inevitably cost you a cold plunge. 

The Glen is one of Nature's reservoirs of eternal coolness. In its 
shadowy recesses, beside its emerald waters, you forget even the 
fierce heats of July and August, hundreds of feet above you. 



WATKINS GLEN. 53 

But, I am told it is seen in its utmost beauty in October, when the 
wild gorge with its wonderful variety of delicate foliage is brimmed 
with the most gorgeous colors, depth on depth of splendor. 



PASSING NOTES. 

THE highest cliffs in the Glen are those of the third section, known 
as Glen Cathedral — 300 feet high — but the steep wooded banks, 
with their towering pines, rise far above the highest cliffs before the 
upper heights of the table land are reached. And from these a 
horizontal line across from bank to bank would show that "Mighty 
Presence Chamber" to be at least 500 feet deep, and more than an 
eighth of a mile wide. 

In accordance with Nature's own Divisions, the Watkins Glen has 
been divided by name, into nine different sections, known as (1) 
Glen Alpha; (2) The Vista; (3) Glen Cathedral; (4) Glen of the 
Pools ; (5) Glen Arcadia; (6) Glen Facility ; (7) Glen Horicon; (8) 
Glen Elysium ; (9) Glen Omega. These names are all appropriate 
and significant. "Alpha" is the beginning. "Cathedral" is one 
of the Great Architect's cathedral designs, and impresses the human 
mind with feelings of deep awe and reverence. "The Glen of the 
Pools" presents an almost continued succession of pools. "Arcadia" 
is truly arcadian. "Facility" is easy and facile. "Horicon" is 
bounded by a wide horizon. "Elysium" is, and is to be, one of the 
most beautiful and delightful groves and pleasure grounds, and 
"Omega" is the end. 

Some of the most noted scenes in the Glen are known as Entrance 
Amphitheatre, Stillwater Gorge, Min-ne-ha-ha, Fairy Cascade, The 
Labyrinth, Cavern Cascade, Mystic Gorge, Whirlpool Gorge, Sylvan 
Rapids, Central Cascade, Matchless Scene, Rainbow Falls, Shadow 



54 W ATKINS GLEN. 

Gorge, The Narrow Pass, The Artist's Dream, Elfin Gorge, etc. 
So great is the variety of the scenery, and so diverse the sections, as 
compared with each other, that no less than five hundred Stereo- 
scopic Views might be taken without exhausting the subject, or 
embracing a single "tame picture" in the whole number. 

Three miles of wild, beautiful and romantic gorge and canyon 
scenery, abounding in sublimity and grandeur, replete with towering 
cliffs, beetling crags, silvery cascades, shadowy grottoes, rainbow- 
hues and crystal pools, and adorned with lovely foliage, mosses, 
ferns, lichens and flowers, is a description, in brief, of the Watkins 
Glen, at the head of Seneca Lake, in Central Southern New York, 
on the route of the Northern Central Railway between Washington* 
Baltimore, Philadelphia, Harrisburg, &c, and the Falls of Niagara. 



NOTICES OF THE PRESS. 



£A T every bend within its rock-bound walls, new and varied scenery 
j greets the eye, each view unsurpassed of its kind, yet no two 
alike. Cascade after cascade, set like gems amid the gray old rocks, 
are continually telling you welcome, if your imagination can inter- 
pret the language of " laughing waters." 

Far above these cascades and rapids, the rock walls tower to the 
height of from one to three hundred feet, while in many places the 
branches of the trees above them intermingle across the chasm, 
through which the autumn sunlight finds its way, filling the rock- 
bound passages with fantastic shadows. — Elmira Advertiser. 

Watkins has a rare natural attraction in the wooded glen of a 



W ATKINS GLEN. 55 

stream which here falls some four hundred feet in less than a mile 
(and nearly double that number in two) from the higher level on the 
west, to the valley of the lake. This fall is made by a succession of 
leaps or cascades, into pools or basins of varying depth and magni- 
tude, separated by stretches of swift, bright water, and overhung by 
the dark evergreens which mainly compose the all-embracing forest, 
which the sun irradiates but few hours per day. We judge this among 
the finest succession of cataracts in our State. The cool seclusion 
of the Glen, with the marvels and beauties it reveals, will long be en- 
shrined in the heart of the visitors. — N. Y. Tribune. 

Its succession of high bluff walls, its " towering cliffs and beetling 
crags," its clear and crystalline pools, varying in depth, size and form, 
its many silvery cascades and narrow channels through the solid rock, 
its labyrinthine passages, shadowy grottoes and miniature caves, its 
woody margins and ever-changing floral charms, have given us one 
of the most varied, wild, weird and delightful sights of our lives. We 
advise all lovers of the beautiful and romantic in natural scenery, to 
visit the Watkins Glen, believing that they will derive the same 
pleasure from an acquaintance with its wonderful scenic attractions 
that we have this day enjoyed. — Watkins Democrat, Oct., 1869. 

A writer says of one of the views — the Cathedral: 

"This grand amphitheatre is truly a master-piece of Nature's 
handiwork.- It is a vast chamber, with walls of singular regularity, 
and cliffs of immense height, draped with elaborate tapestries of ivy, 
ferns and mosses. The floor is as level and smooth in many places 
as the finest mosaic pavement. The vaulted canopy of the sky forms 
the dome ; in the lower end is Pulpit Rock, and in the upper end 
the Central cascade forms the choir." 

Bayard Taylor, the great traveler, says of it : 

" In all my travels I have never met with scenery more beautiful 
and romantic than that embraced in this wonderful Glen, and the 
most remarkable thing of all is, that so much magnificence and gran- 
deur should be found in a region where there are nO ranges of moun- 
tains." 

So much has been written of this Glen, that we shall attempt no 



56 WATKINS GLEN. 

description of it whatever, being perfectly satisfied of our utter ina- 
bility to do it justice by the use of the English language. One must 
see it to form an adequate idea of its curiosities and attractions. By 
much labor and expense the Glen has been made navigable to the 
pedestrian for several miles. The Glen Mountain House, situated 
above half a mile up the gorge, is finely located, and conducted in 
the best manner. Its situation half way up the mountain, is like the 
oasis in the desert, extremely agreeable and refreshing to the wearied 
and foot-sore pilgrim. — Rochester Express, 1870. 

The Glen Mountain House is about 350 feet in altitude above the 
entrance of the Glen, and about half way up to the highest point, 
and the view of the scenery from this house is most magnificent and 
grand. To appreciate it, one must see and pass through all its wind- 
ings, climb its crags, and go from rock to rock; otherwise descrip- 
tion seems commonplace and tame. 

This remarkable wonder of nature has now become so widely known 
and is so highly appreciated that it confessedly ranks among the first- 
class attractions of the country. The number of people visiting it 
during this season is literally immense. They come from all parts 
of the nation, though the States most largely represented are New 
York, Pennsylvania and Maryland. Among the names on the regis- 
ter may be found almost daily those of men of well-known promi- 
nence in the country. — Elmira Advertiser, 1870. 

The Watkins Glen is one of those strange rifts through the solid 
rock, like Trenton Falls, which Science says have been worn down 
in the past ages by the simple action of running water, but which to 
the unscientific eye look so much as if Nature had seized the great 
rock in the sudden grasp of some volcanic convulsion, and rent it 
from crest to base, and then let the water-courses in upon it, to shape 
and carve and smooth it into all grotesque and beautiful shapes, con- 
verting the grim chasm into a wonderful museum of Nature's choicest 
gems. — Philadelphia Evening Bulletin. 



WATKINS GLEN a 57 

INIMITABLY FINE 




AND 



OMbtoi 

For Tourists 

AND 

CHOICE PRESENTS. 

STEPHEN F. WHITMAN & SON, 

S. W. Cor. of 12th & Market Streets, 

PHILADELPHIA. 



#0 *> r~^%. 




AT THE GREAT WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEPOT OF 

I. H. WISLER, 

Nos. 223 and 225 N. Sixth Street, PHILADELPHIA. 

SPECIALTIES-Chairs for"churches, Public Halls, Seminaries, &c 
Also, Rustic Chairs and Camp Chairs for Country Villas. 



5» 



WAT KINS GLEN. 



The Philadelphia Lawn Mowers, 

Over 20,000 now in use. Send for a Descriptive Circular. 




Width of Cut. 
10 inch 

14 " 
16 " 
18 " 
20 " 

15 " 
20 " 



Style. 

Roller, 

6^ incb. driving wheels, 



10*4 inch 



Power Required. 
A Lady, 
A Youth, 
One Man. 



1 or 2 Men, 
Light Horse, 



Weight. 

28 lbs. 

37 

41 

46 

50 

63 

75 
275 
315 



" with Draft Pole; 

" '• Driver's Seat and Shaf'; 

Warranted to give satisfaction when properly managed. 

"When ordering Machines, mention width of Cut and Style. 



Price. 

$15 00 

20 00 

24 00 
26 00 
28 00 

25 00 
30 00 
90 00 

110 00 




GRAHAM, EMLEN & PASSMORE, 

PATENTEES AND MANUFACTURERS, 

631 Market Street, Philadelphia. 

CHARLES RUMPP, 

Portemonnaie, Pocket Bool and Satchel 



MANUFACTURER, 

No. 47 N. Sixth Street, bel. Arch, 

PHILADELPHIA. 


Portemonnaies, 
Port Folios, 
Dressing Cases, 
Bankers' Cases, 


Cigar Cases, 
Cabas, 

Monev Belts, 
Purses, 


Pocket Books, 
Satchels, 
Work Baskets, 
Etuies, &c. 



WHOLESALE AND RETAIL. 



WATKINS GLEN. 59 

PROVIDENT LIFE 



AND 



TRUST COMPANY, 

OIF PHILADELPHIA. 
OFFICE: 108 SOUTH FOURTH ST. 

Assets over $2,000,000. 

This Company is similar in its organization to the "Friends' Provi- 
dent" Institution of England. The " Friends' Provident" was organized 
in 1832, and has, therefore, been in operation forty-two years. Its low 
rate of mortality, and safe and economical management, have placed it 
in the front rank of companies in that country. 

President, 
• SAMUEL R. SHIPLEY, 

Vice-President, Actuary, 

WM. C. LONGSTRETH. ROWLAND PARRY. 



tefti-ssfeiS.E 



Cosmoline is the emollient principle of Petroleum, brought by concentration into the most 
agreeable form. It is No Patent Medicine. It has the most wonderful effect in allaying inflam- 
mation, and healing injuries, sores, and eruptions. It is the most bland and soothing application 
ever discovered, and may be applied to the most sensitive conditions without irritation. No family 
can afford to be without it, either at home, at the mountains or tea shore, it answers so many 
purposes. ** 

No. 1. Cosmoline — Plain; for Burns, Scalds, Rheumatism (especially inflammatory), Neuralgia, 
the worst cases of Piles, Sprains, Cuts, Bruises, especially the daily bumps and bruises of 
children. 

2. Cosmoline— Rose Perfumed, for Sore Nipples and Swollen Breasts, Chafing of Infants, and 
Toilet Purposes. 

3. Cosmoline — Carbolated, for Ulcerous Sores. 

4. Cosmoline — Camphorated, for bites of Insects and Vegetable Poison. 

5. Cosmoline — Liquid, for Injections and Inflamed Eyes. 

6. Cosmoline— Veterinary, for Horses and Cattle, by the pound. Send for a circular, No. 215 
South FRONT Street 

7. Cosmoline — Pomade, highly perfumed ; medically unobjectionable ; free from fats or Vegeta- 
ble oils. It imparts health to the scalp, vigor and softness to the hair. Never becomes rancid. 

Manufactured by E F. HOUGHTON & CO., Philadelphia. 

For sale by Druggists generally. 



60 W ATKINS GLEN. 

prize: photographs, 



Office of E. & H. T. Anthony & Co., Photographic Materials, 

No. 591 Broadway, New York, April 2d, 1874. 

Dear Sir : — I take pleasure in advising you that both the prizes for which you com- 
peted have been awarded to you by five o n t of the six judges, viz. : the prize for the "best 
photograph of a little girl," and that for the "best photograph of a little boy." 

I send you herewith a check for $200. 

Congratulating you on your success, I remain, yours truly, E. ANTHONY. 

Mr. F. Gutekunst," Philadelphia. 

The above was received as the result of an offer made by Messrs. Anthony & Co., of New 
York, to the photographers of the world, inviting competition for five prizes, as follows — 

For best photograph of a little girl under six years of age. 

For best photograph of a little boy under six years of age. 

For best photograph of a gioup of boy and girl under six years of age. 

For best photograph of a L-hIv. 

For best photograph of a Landscape. F, GUTEKUNST, 

No. 712 Arch Street, Philadelphia. 

THE GLACE PHOTO" A SPECIALTY. 

GEORGE D. WISHAM, 

No. 7 NORTH EIGHTH STREET, 

PHILADELPHIA, 

Invites special examination of his stock of 

LYONS BLACK SILKS, 

Among which will be found the best and most reliable makes imported. 

GEORGE D. WISHAM, 

SILK AND BR ESS GOODS MOUSE, 

No. 7 N. Eighth St., Philadelphia. 

GLEN MOUNTAIN HOUSE, 

W ATKINS GLEN. 



Refreshments of various kinds to be had. 

JOHN J. LYTLE & CO., 

Pnfrietors. 



WATKINS GLEN. - 61 

TEMPLE OF FASHION. 

MRS. M. A." BINDER, 
1101, N. W. Cor. Eleventh and Chestnut Sts., 

PHILADELPHIA. 

IMPORTER OF 

Gloves in Every Shade, 

Millinery for Ladies and Misses, 

Imported Bonnets and Hats, 

LADIES' DRESS TRIMMINGS, REAL AND IMITATION LACES, 

Parasols, Fans, Ribbons, Ties, French Jewelry, 

and Fancy Goods. Dress and Cloak Making 

in the most tasteful and elegant 

Manner. 

PAPEB PATTEI^lsTS, 

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL. 

W. T. PURVIANCE, 

Photographer and Publisher of Plain and Stereoscopic Views of 

AMERICAN SCENERY, 

PHILADELPHIA, PA. 



:o:- 



Special attention is called to a full line of all sizes and styles of views 
in the 

Wa t Mn m mm& Mmwmmm CU e a s 

on the shores of Seneca Lake, and the scenery of the Pennsylvania 
Central, Philadelphia and Erie, and Northern Central Railways. 

A full selection of above views are for sale at the Mountain House, 
in Watkins Glen. 

jjfe^Orders solicited for the Trade. 



62 . WATKINS GLEN. 

HOPE'S 

ULEN ART GALLERY. 

This Gallery contains many of Captain Hope's finest paintings of the 
wonderful scenery of Watkins Glen and its Romantic Surroundings. It 
is located but a few rods above the MOUNTAIN HOUSE, and will be a 
feature of special interest and attraction to visitors. No person should 
visit the Glen without seeing the splendid Works of Art embraced in this 
Collection, among which are 

HOPE-'S CELEBRATED PAINTING OF 

RAINBOW FALLS, 

(Sold for $10,000,) and his 

"ARMY OF THE POTOMAC," 

A large and superb picture, and the only one representing the whole of 
that Grand Army encamped on the same field. Also his 

"FOREST GLEJSf," 

« GEM OF THE FOREST," 

" SYLVAN DELL," 

AND NUMEROUS OTHERS. 



J^i^Continued additions will be made, and no time or expense spared 
in an endeavor to please and gratify the lovers of Art. 



WATKINS GLEN. 



63 



SENECA LAZE ROUTE. 

FIVE HOURS J±JY 

WATKINS GLEN! 

' ; ^ ^ 

THE SPLENDID UPPER-CABIN STEAMERS, 

SCHUYLER and ONONDAGA. 






Direct connections are made with express trains on the New York Central and 
Hudson River R. R. at Geneva, and with Northern Central, Erie and Lehigh 
Valley Railways at Watkins and Elmira. 

TIME TABLE.-Takes effect July 6th. 

GOING SOUTH. GOING NORTH 

Leave Geneva, - . 8.50 A.M 

«.-'- 2.35 P.M 

" ' " 5-25 " 

Arrive Watkins, - 1.1c « 

- 5-45 " 

" " - 9.25 « 



Leave Watkins, - 6.00 A.M. 

" - 1 45 P.M. 

" " - 6.00 " 

Arrive Geneva, - - 9.40 A.M. 

4.45 P.M. 

" 9.40 « 



Reduced Fare to Excursionists. 

The rate of fare during the pleasure season for all persons visiting the celebrated 
Watkins Glen and returning same day will be $1.25 for round trip. Excursion 
parties numbering ten or more may remain over for a limited time, by making 
arrangements with the Captain on board when purchasing tickets. 
Geneva, July, 1874. D . p. DEY, Sup't. 



64 WATKINS GLEN. 

THE 

Glen Mountain Hous 

WATKINS, SCHUYLER COUNTY, N. Y. 



This House is new and commodious, being situated on the Mountain, and 

©tesmiagif Ikoeaieel 

ON ONE OF THE 

MOST ROMANTIC ELEVATIONS 

TO BE FOUND IN THIS DELIGHTFUL RETREAT, 

And but a short distance from the entrance to the GLEN. 



Everything will be done to promote the comfort and convenience of 
Guests. The Rooms are substantially furnished, and the 
Bedsteads provided with 

HAIR MATTRASSES AND THE BEST OF SPRINGS. 
The Table will be supplied with the best the Market affords. 

JOHN J. LYTLE & CO., 

Proprietors. 



JAMES W. QUEEN & CO., 



OPTICIANS, 



Beg leave to call the attention of Tourists, and others, to their unrivaled 
assortment of Opera and Field Glasses, Tourists' Glasses, Pocket Baro- 
meters (graduated for measuring heights), Thermometers, Pedojneters 
(for measuring distances traversed in pedestrian excursions), Micro- 
scopes and Stereoscopes, with an assortment of Views from all parts of 
the World. Our selection of the latter from Watkins Glen and Niag- 
ara, is the most complete in this country, embracing the choicest pro- 
ductions of the best artists, and our prices are as low as the lowest. 

A personal selection from our stocks, either in Philadelphia or New 
York, is solicited: where this is not practicable, we will mail our Illus- 
trated Catalogue to any address on receipt of ten cents for postage. In 
sending for the latter it would be well to mention what class of articles 
are desired, as the Catalogue is divided into four sections to cover all 
classes of goods in our line. 



JAMES W. QUEEN & CO., 

929 Chestnut St., 601 Broadway, 

PHILADELPHIA. NEW YORK. 






LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 




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